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The role of lidar in the Vehicle-to-Everything ecosystem

04 February 2025

Steven Sheffield, PE, Seyond Inc., USA

Integrating directional Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) technology into Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) ecosystems revolutionises pedestrian safety by providing granular data on pedestrian and vulnerable road user (VRU) crosswalk presence. Lidar data enhances traditional Signal Phasing and Timing (SPaT) by delivering real-time information on pedestrian presence, trajectory, and speed, enabling connected vehicles to reduce accidents. Its applications include smarter intersections, adaptive signal control, and predictive traffic management, aligning with Vision Zero objectives.

V2X technology facilitates real-time communication among vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians, and VRUs, leveraging sensors like lidar to improve safety and efficiency. Lidar provides precise 3D sensing for traffic systems, enabling data sharing through roadside units (RSUs) and onboard units (OBUs). This technology transforms intersections into dynamic nodes of communication, empowering traffic signal controllers with real-time analytics.

Lidar Technology Overview

Lidar operates by emitting laser pulses to create detailed 3D maps of the environment. Directional lidar, featuring compact, solid-state designs, ensures reliability, scalability, and seamless integration into V2X applications. Key benefits include:

  • High Resolution: Enables accurate object detection and environmental mapping.
  • Real-Time Data Transmission: Facilitates immediate communication to enhance decision-making.
  • Robustness: Performs reliably across diverse weather and lighting conditions.

Lidar-Based Intersection Management

By integrating lidar with perception software and analytics modules, intersections gain advanced features such as stop-bar detection, adaptive signal control, and predictive traffic management. Real-time data sharing improves pedestrian and VRU safety, reduces congestion, and optimizes traffic signal timing.

Role in V2X Applications

Lidar strengthens V2X ecosystems by enhancing Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. It provides:

  • Pedestrian Detection: Tracks movement and trajectory, improving safety.
  • Smart Intersections: Extends walk times, adjusts signal timing, and minimises congestion.
  • Traffic Efficiency: Reduces stops and starts, leading to smoother flow.

Lidar revolutionises SPaT data by offering real-time 3D insights. Unlike legacy systems, it accurately detects crosswalk occupancy, predicts pedestrian trajectories, and supports data-driven traffic signal optimisation. Key benefits include improved pedestrian phases, reduced congestion, and seamless integration into V2X networks.

Challenges and Future Directions

Despite its promise, lidar integration faces challenges such as:

  • Standardisation: Ensuring interoperability across systems.
  • Weather Resistance: Enhancing performance under adverse conditions.
  • Scalability: Deploying technology across diverse urban landscapes.

Future research should prioritise accuracy, cybersecurity, and regulatory compliance, while collaboration among industries and governments will be vital for establishing standards and fostering innovation.

Conclusion

Lidar integration in V2X ecosystems advances intelligent transportation systems by enhancing safety, efficiency, and sustainability. Addressing deployment challenges and fostering collaboration will unlock the full potential of V2X technologies, contributing to Vision Zero objectives. Lidar’s ability to optimise traffic flow, reduce collisions, and enhance mobility signals a transformative era in transportation.

The adoption of lidar-enabled V2X technology promises safer roads, smarter cities, and seamless communication between vehicles and infrastructure. As global collaboration and investment in intelligent transport systems grow, the vision of autonomous, efficient, and connected mobility will become a reality.

 

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